General situation of motor industry

Industry characteristics

Micromotor refers to a motor with diameter less than 160mm or rated power less than 750 mW or special performance and special use. Micro-motor combines motor, micro-electronics,

High-tech industries in power electronics, computer, automatic control, precision machinery, new materials and other disciplines, especially the application of electronic technology and new material technology, have promoted the technological progress of micro-motors.

There are many kinds of micro-motors (more than 5000 kinds), with complicated specifications and wide market applications. They involve all aspects of national economy, national defense equipment and human life. Micro-motors can be seen in any occasion where electric drive is needed.

There are many manufacturing processes for micro-motors, which involve precision machinery, fine chemical industry, micro-processing, magnetic material processing, winding manufacturing, insulation treatment and other technology. It requires a large number of process equipment and high precision. In order to ensure the quality of products, a series of precision testing instruments are needed. It is an investment-intensive industry.

In short, the micro-motor industry is a labor-intensive and technology-intensive high-tech industry. [1]

Industry Review

China's micro-motor industry was founded in the late 1950s. It has gone through the stages of imitation, self-design and research and development to meet the needs of national defense weapons and equipment. It has a history of more than 40 years. It has formed a complete industrial system for product development, large-scale production and key components, key materials, special manufacturing equipment and test instruments. According to statistics, there are more than 1,000 micro-special motor manufacturers and supporting factories in China, with more than 100,000 employees and a total industrial output value of more than 10 billion yuan. Micro-motor industry has become an indispensable basic product industry in the modernization of national economy and national defense.

Industry status

Since the 1980s, the domestic demand for micro motors has been increasing. China has introduced more than 50 production lines to realize mass and large-scale production of 25 categories, 60 series, 400 varieties and 2000 specifications of micro motors. The main products are brush permanent magnet DC motor, low power AC motor, AC/DC series motor, cover pole motor, step motor, vibration motor (for mobile phones) and so on.

In 1999, China's output of micro-special motors was about 3 billion units, including 250 million units produced by private and state-owned enterprises, 1.2 billion units produced by solely-owned enterprises, 1.4 billion units produced in Hong Kong (1.2 billion units produced by Dechang Company), and 180 million units produced in Taiwan. In 2000, the production volume was about 3.9 billion units, accounting for 60% of the total global production.

High-tech micro-motors, such as precision brushless motor, high-speed synchronous motor, high-precision stepping motor, sheet winding brushless motor, high-performance servo motor and new principle and new structure ultrasonic motor, have not yet formed commercial or batch production capacity in China. Therefore, domestic high precision micro-special motors also rely on imports. According to Customs statistics, the annual average use of foreign exchange increased by 26.9% from 1995 to 2000. Although it increased by 4.81% in 2001, it still amounted to $1.197 billion.

Market situation

With the continuous development of the world economy and the improvement of people's living standards, micro-motors are indispensable basic mechanical and electrical products. They are not only labor-intensive products with low, medium and low investment, but also high-investment and technology-intensive products with advanced manufacturing technology, emerging electronic technology and new material technology. They have been integrated into the globalization of production and marketing.

In 2000, the global market for micro-motors was over 6.5 billion, mainly distributed in audio-visual, office automation, electric vehicles (including automobiles), household appliances and air-conditioning and other fields. Table 1 lists the distribution of the world micro-motor market in 2000 and Japan's share (it should be pointed out here that Japan's share of the market share of a considerable part of the medium and low-grade micro-motors has been transferred to China's mainland production). With the improvement of people's living standard, the market of micro motor is developing rapidly. Usually the number of micro-motors per household can measure the level of modernization of a country. From Table 2, we can know the historical situation and future growth trend of the number of micro-motors per household in developed countries and Japan, whose market demand is developing rapidly and contains huge market.

Japan has done a lot of research and development work in AV, OA micro-motors, such as light, thin, miniaturized household appliances, air-conditioning micro-motors with high efficiency, mute, industrial servo micro-motors with high performance and so on. It is in the leading position in the world. Its products have a large technical content and occupy the majority of the world's high-end micro-motors market.

Industry future

From 1995 to 2000, China's export of micro-motors increased by 18.6% annually, and decreased by 6.02% in 2001 compared with 2000. Affected by the "9.11" incident in the United States, the American and Japanese economies suffered serious setbacks and the global economic recession, which was the main factor for the decrease of exports in 2001. Table 3 shows the export of micro-motors from 1995 to 2001 according to customs statistics. In 2000, there were about 650 million micromotors in the world market. China exported 2.726 billion micromotors, accounting for about 42% of the international market. Among them, 32.151 million toy motors, < 37.5W 2382.396 million micromotors, > 37.5W 1970.06 million AC dual-purpose motors and < 750W 2377 million DC motors and generators.

After joining WTO, China's micro-motor industry has entered the global economic environment where opportunities and challenges coexist. Only by striving hard and competing fiercely, can China win a larger share of the international market.